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Trade name:
Atarax
International name:
Hydroxyzine (Hydroxyzine)
Group Affiliation:
Anxiolytic agent
Description of the active substance (INN):
Hydroxyzine
Dosage form:
Coated tablets
Pharmacological Effects:
Piperazine derivative, has a moderate anxiolytic activity, is also a sedative, antiemetic, antihistamine, and m-anticholinergic action. Blocks the central m-choline-and H1-histamine receptors and inhibits the activity of certain subcortical areas. Does not cause psychological dependence and addiction. The clinical effect occurs 15-30 minutes after ingestion. Has a positive effect on cognitive ability, improves memory and attention. Relaxes skeletal and smooth muscle, has bronchodilatory and analgesic effect and moderate inhibitory effect on gastric secretion.
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity (including to cetirizine and other piperazine derivatives, aminophylline and ethylenediamine), porphyria, pregnancy, lactation period, the period of birth deyatelnosti.C caution. Myasthenia gravis, prostatic hyperplasia with clinical symptoms, difficulty urinating, constipation, dementia, increased intraocular pressure, susceptibility to seizures, arrhythmia, or antiarrhythmic drugs, kidney / liver failure.
Side effects:
Drowsiness, weakness, dry mouth, headache, dizziness, tremor, ataxia, acute increase in intraocular pressure, acute urinary retention, tachycardia, constipation, disturbance of accommodation, increased sweating, decreased blood pressure, increased activity of liver enzymes, bronchospasm, allergic reactions . overdosage. Symptoms: severe anticholinergic effects, depression, or paradoxical CNS stimulation, tremors, convulsions, disorientation, rarely - decreased blood pressure, confusion, nausea, vomiting, involuntary motor activity, hallucinations, arrhythmia. Treatment: gastric lavage, with a significant decrease in blood pressure - intravenous infusion of blood substitutes, norepinephrine (should not be given epinephrine), control of vital functions. To prevent the inhibitory action on the CNS - parenteral administration of caffeine sodium benzoate is used. A specific antidote does not exist. Hemodialysis is ineffective.
Dosage and administration:
Inside, while eating, not chewing. Adults - 25-100 mg / day in 1-4 reception for sedation - 50-200 mg 1 h before surgery; in psychiatry - 100-300 mg / day. In anesthesiology prescribed 1 mg / kg the night before surgery and 1 h before surgery. For short-term effect of applying half the dose, if necessary, obtain a rapid therapeutic effect, appoint / m (in the large muscles), with subsequent transition to oral intake. Children from 1 year to 6 years for the symptomatic treatment of itch - 1 mg / kg / day, maximum - 2.5 mg / kg / day to 6 years - 1 mg / kg / day, maximum - 2 mg / kg / day in divided doses. In elderly patients treatment begins with a half dose. In renal and / or hepatic insufficiency the dose should be reduced.
Special instructions:
Injectable form is intended only for IM injections (in the large muscles). In case of accidental introduction into the skin can cause considerable damage to the tissues. There are practically no methods for determining in biological fluids and tissues. When allergy tests are needed, the drug should be discontinued 5 days before the study. During the period of treatment you must be careful when driving vehicles and occupation of other potentially hazardous activities that require high concentration of attention and quickness of psychomotor reactions.
Interaction:
If you decided to buy Atarax, you should know that this medication enhances the action of opioid analgesics and non-opioid, barbiturates, anxiolytics, ethanol. Strengthens the anticholinergic effect of antihistamines and antipsychotic drugs (neuroleptics) and antidepressants. Prevents the development of pressor effect of epinephrine, changes antiepileptic effect of phenytoin. Atropine and other m-holinoblokatory effect on the activity Hydroxyzine do not have. Reduces the effect of betahistine and anticholinesterase drugs.
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